Quality risk management is a critical component to any aseptic manufacturing process, making it necessary for pharmaceutical and medical device manufacturers to leverage processes that deliver the highest possible levels of sterility assurance. While offline technologies such as gamma radiation, high voltage (MeV) electron beam, and ethylene oxide can provide effective microbiological kill rates, cost, size and safety concerns prohibit in-line production application.
Several alternatives have been explored for in-line production use. Manual isopropyl alcohol wipedown lacks the consistency of automation and has low kill rates. Ultraviolet light tunnels suffer from heat, shadowing and kill rate concerns. Steam is slow and energy inefficient. Vaporized hydrogen peroxide (VHP) has been a favored approach but has lengthy cycle times and can result in residual contamination of the product.